Antiquity. Abu Ali Ibn Sina

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Abu Ali Ibn Sina (latinizirovannoe a name - Avitsenna), the outstanding doctor of the Muslim world (980-1037), was born in Afshane near Bukhara, in present Tajikistan. Father Ibn Siny served in Bukhara as the high official. Ibn Sina from the early childhood differed unusual abilities. At ten years' age he freely read the Koran and knew products of many Arabian classics. Till sixteen years studied in jurisprudence and, in particular, was interested in philosophy. In medicine was engaged later, but in this area of human knowledge has reached outstanding results.

When Ibn Sine was executed only seventeen years, him once have called to the sick lord who had an extensive library. The young doctor has successfully cured the rich patient, and that so has grown fond of Ibn Sinu that has left at the court yard, and that has got access to library, having been engaged in self-education. At eighteen-year age it already used glory of the good doctor which often called to bed of sick governors and various statesmen. Ibn Sinu oppressed dependence on governors which not always treated kindly the outstanding doctor. It often was exposed to prosecutions, in particular from outside Muslim clergy, he often had to run and search for havens at new patrons. Ibn Sina has left after itself a rich heritage from proceedings on philosophy and medicine. Only two books are written them on a native language give, on which ancestors of the modern Tadjiks told, all its other books in the Arabian language which was considered in the east as language of scientists. The major composition of Ibn Siny which have received wide popularity as well in Europe, repeatedly translated on the majority of the European languages, - ' the Medical canon ', long time was the basic source of medical knowledge.

In the Middle Ages such original sciences, as an astrology and alchemy prospered. Astrologists confirmed, as if on stars it is possible to define the future. Kings, commanders and travellers before something to undertake, consulted on astrologists. As the purposes of astrologists and alchemists were fantastic, their supervision and experiences promoted accumulation of knowledge on astronomy and chemistry. Alchemists, for example, have opened and have improved ways of reception of paints, metal alloys, medicinal substances, have created many chemical devices.