Gaza. Amedeo Avogadro

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Z.Gej-Ljussak has developed also methods of measurement of density of steams. All available results showed that at the fixed values of temperature and pressure the gas density is proportional to its molecular weight. It could mean only one: all these gases at identical temperature and pressure contain identical number of molecules in volume unit.

This one of remarkable general principles in the physicist has stated for the first time in 1811 Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856) on purpose to explain the simple rules, concerning volume relations of the gases incorporating with each other, opened by A.Lavuaze (1743-1794) and Daltonom. The insight of Avogadro is absolutely surprising: atomisticheskaja the hypothesis of Daltona has been put forward only shortly before that, and the basic representations about molecules - simple groupings of a small number of atoms - still were a subject of discussions in the scientific world.

Gipoteza Avogadro has been rejected in the beginning, its value have understood only after the Italian chemist Stanislao Kannitstsaro (1826 1910) has revived it in 1858, having differentiated concepts ' atom ', ' an equivalent ' and ' a molecule '.

Utverzhdenie Avogadro can be considered as a hypothesis in the sense that we cannot count actually number of molecules in the given volume and to show that this number - same for all gases. But the received results of experiments represent the same convincing proof of correctness of this hypothesis what we have at check of the majority of physical representations. Now the statement of Avogadro rightfully can be called as the law of Avogadro.

It really the surprising law. It is applicable not only to elements and their connections, but also to mixes.