Antiquity. Apollony Pergsky

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Apollony Pergsky (apprx. 260-170 BC) was the third after Evklida and Archimedes the outstanding mathematician of the Alexandria school. About his life, as well as about a life of Evklida, it is known very little. Studied in mathematics in Alexandria at followers and pupils of Evklida, the period of its active scientific activity is necessary approximately for 210th BC

Traktat Apollonija entitled ' of Conic section ' (' with Konika '), has for ever glorified his name, having provided in the history of mathematics an honorary title ' Great geometer '. In this treatise of Apollony has stated a science about conic sections so absolutely, as now a little that it is possible to add, despite all achievements of mathematics. Scientific antiquities and to Apollonija prosecuted subjects of conic sections, however it, having applied the reasonings the more general parcels, has developed a science about these sections more carefully and more in detail. Predecessors of Apollonija carried out sections of a cone planes, perpendicular its forming and as a result received a parabola, an ellipse and a hyperbole - depending on a corner konusnosti (a straight line, sharp, stupid). Apollony has proved that all these curves can be received on any cone with the circular basis by section various inclined planes. Thus, work of Apollonija about conic sections has eclipsed the shine all former works on this theme and, in particular, heaps of Evklida ' About konusnyh sections '.

' Konika ' consists of eight books: four have remained in the Greek language, three - in a translation into Arabic, and last, lost, is restored by Galleem on the basis of the remained comments. About that, how many work has enclosed Apollony in these books, the fact testifies that the seven first books contain 387 theorems with rather difficult proofs in many cases. And only with use of the analytical geometry which has appeared after almost 2000 - not without considerable influence of ideas Apollo - managed to simplify some proofs.

Apollony was not only the mathematician, but also the astronomer. He, in particular, was interested in Moon movement, and a nickname ' the Epsilon ' which have christened Apollonija contemporaries, occurs, apparently, from the crescent form of the defective Moon which is similar to the Greek letter e (epsilon). For an explanation of an apparent motion of planets the scientist has constructed the theory epitsiklov.

That fact eloquently testifies To an urgency of achievements of Apollonija and about influence of its work on development of modern mathematics that compositions of Apollonija were translated also them scientists of such scale, as Viet, Gallej, the Farm, Hilbert studied. Viet has translated heaps of Apollonija ' About a contact ' (' Zadacha Apollonija about a contact ') in which the question of a contact of three circles is considered; Gallej - ' About spatial sections '. A farm was engaged in the edition of products of Apollonija. According to the expert on ancient mathematics Hilbert, Apollony was one of those mathematicians of an antiquity who aspired to be released from influence platonovskoj philosophies. In one of the compositions, devoted to bases of geometry, Apollony tried to find communication between mathematical concepts and surrounding validity. With death of Apollonija the galaxy of great mathematicians of a classical antiquity comes to an end.