Waves and radiations. James Klerk Maksvell

you are: Waves and radiations

This idea has induced James Klerka Maksvella (1831-1879) to consider a problem more deeply; it was the remarkable mathematician and has managed to translate ideas of Faradeja on mathematical language. In article published in 1864, three years prior to death of Faradeja, Maksvell has shown that indignation which was meant by Faradej, should lead to wave occurrence, and that this wave should move with final speed. The size of this speed depends on the constants entering into the equations of Kulona for electrostatic and magnetic forces.

Metod Maksvella has been based on an equilibration of force of an attraction between two plates to which the high voltage, and forces of pushing away between two coils on which took place a current in opposite directions was put. Pressure was put to plates from ' the big battery Gassio ' from two thousand elements and measured by a way propuskanija a current from the battery through precisely known resistance approximately 1 MOm by means of a galvanometre with the variable shunt. The galvanometre had the second coil through which the current passing through mutually making a start coils was passed. A mobile plate with the mobile coil fastened to koromyslu krutilnyh scales for registration of the slightest infringement of balance. Experiment consisted in the following. The distance between plates changed until krutilnye scales did not equilibrate; after that resistance of the shunt of a galvanometre stole up so that the galvanometre showed zero. For accuracy increase the mobile plate has been supplied by a motionless security ring, and on the opposite end koromysla krutilnyh scales one more complete set of coils on purpose settled down to exclude any effect of a magnetic field of the Earth.

It has been removed twelve sets of readout at different distances between plates from 1,2 to 2,5 sm, and the average result 2,7791010 is received see/with Earlier, in 1856, Weber and Kolraush have done the same measurement by other method, without giving it theoretical value; their result was 3,107-1010 see/with Considering that Foucault has received for a velocity of light value of 2,980-1010 sm/with, Maksvell has come to a conclusion about quantitative acknowledgement of its theory.

Finding-out of the nature of light has opened possibilities of absolutely new approach to searches of other types of radiation.