Antiquity. Evklid

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At the Alexandria school well-known in those days Evklid (III century BC), one of its first teachers worked then many stars of mathematics, and among them. The products which have reached us of Evklida testify that it there was rather capable and even a talented teacher. There is an opinion that Evklid was the pupil of Platonovsky academy where, having access to the best works of the Greek mathematicians and philosophers, has reached heights of that time scientific

Knowledge. Really, in products of Evklida influence platonovskoj is visible to philosophy: for example, in the treatises of Evklid diligently avoids problems of practical value.

Peru Evklida belongs not less than ten treatises, one of them - ' the Beginnings ', consisting of 13 books, it is considered the largest product in the history of mathematics. It is the first remained mathematical work where with all completeness the deductive method was reflected. ' the Beginnings ', written about 300 years BC, have character of the textbook, in which Evklid has given the full arch of mathematical knowledge known to it. In this work of Evklid has proved magnificent sistematikom and the most outstanding for all history of mathematics the teacher.

One of the theorems, resulted in ' the Beginnings ' which authorship is attributed by Evklidu, is known from a school course: ' the Area of the square constructed at height of a rectangular triangle, lowered of a right angle on a hypotenuse, is equal the areas of a rectangle with the parties equal to pieces of a hypotenuse, received from crossing in its height '.

Other products of Evklida have not remained. That they existed, mentions in works of other mathematicians testify.

Imja Evklida remains for ever connected with one of the mathematics branches, received the name ' evklidova geometry '.

The History of Ancient Greek mathematics can be subdivided into three periods: the first - unusually violent, almost spontaneous development, the second - the period of doubts, the critical relation to new works and, at last, the third - the period of streamlining of the results received by great scientists of the past. Work of Evklida concerns this last period. How are highly appreciated it ' the Beginnings ', that fact testifies that they remained fundamental mathematical work on an extent over two thousand years. At schools of all world long centuries the geometry was taught on ' to the Beginnings '. At English schools till today geometry textbooks under the form remind this scientific treatise. In the world literature ' the Beginnings ' belong to number of the most popular and widespread mathematical works.

Despite so huge popularity of Evklida as author ' the Beginnings ', it, its shape and a course of life are known very little. There are no historically true data on his life, exact dates of its birth and death are unknown even.