Waves and radiations. Henry Gerts

you are: Waves and radiations

To the First the German physicist Henry Gerts (1857-1894) has prosecuted seriously this subjects. Everyone who dealt with high-voltage equipment, knows, how can easily slip sparks between close located metal subjects which are as if under the same potential. Many to Hertz observed this phenomenon, but the Hertz has quite estimated its value and investigated so thoroughly that at anybody does not remain any doubts concerning justice of the theory of Maksvella.

And some doubts were. There was a general opinion that Maksvell - the brilliant young scientist and has made graceful mathematical work, but many considered that it has small value for physics. The hertz, however, thought differently though it found the theory of Maksvella difficult for understanding. The hertz knew about Henry's result, but has decided that any waves resulting the category, should be too weak that they could be found out. However during preparation of lecture on this question of Hertz has established the experimental fact which has forced it to consider a problem more steadfastly: he has noticed that sparks between the next conductors were stronger, if lejdenskaja bank was less. Why in that case not to make really small condenser, maybe, thus it will be possible to gain stronger effect? The hertz has made the vibrator of zinc plates in the size approximately 40 on 40 sm enough removed from each other. The vibrator worked very well, easily forming sparks between the next conductors.

But also after that the Hertz has not realised completely value of the work. He thought that electric field indignation at the category should be too rough and irregular that it gave in to exact research. The hertz considered that has received simply electric ' noise '. To continue its researches has forced the following simple fact: it has found a conductor at which it was possible to take sparks on the end, instead of in the middle. So the knot of electric fluctuations has been opened. Then the Hertz has understood that deals ' with the accurate and ordered phenomenon '. It has received a pure wave, instead of noise as believed. The first attempts of Hertz to make experiments with these waves have appeared unsuccessful. Their length was 4-5 m, and the Hertz has soon understood that details of its device were much less and he perceived only absent-minded radiation. Therefore it has reduced the sizes of the vibrator to receive length of a wave of 40-50 sm and then installation has earned perfectly well.