Magnetism and an electricity. George Simon Om

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The German physicist (the teacher of physics and mathematics in high school in Cologne) George Simon Om (1789-1854) became the Author of the organic law of an electric chain who has connected resistance of a chain, electromotive power and a current strength. Proportionality factor is here resistance of a conductor. The ohm has presented the law which has received subsequently his name, in the form of the simple mathematical formula I=U/R/. He has specified that the current shares proportionally, passing through some conductors simultaneously.

As a source of a current the Ohm used in the researches the thermocouple - a thermoelement which consisted of two conductors: copper and vismutovogo. Places of their contact it has shipped one in boiled water, and another in ice. Such element delivered a constant and uniform current. The ohm has included it in a chain and investigated current passage through conductors of different section and length of one metal, and then and other metals.

On the basis of these experiments he has come to a conclusion that resistance in direct ratio to length of a conductor and in inverse proportion to its section (the more long the conductor, the is more resistance, and the thicker a conductor, the resistance there is less). Thus, the Ohm has created bases of specific conductivity and, investigating conductors from different metals, has defined a wide range of the specific resistance depending on a sort of metal. The ohm also has proved that nagretye metal conductors render bolshee resistance to a current, than nagretye the liquids spending a current. George Om has described the opening in work ' the Galvanic chain developed matematicheski '.

George Simon Om is included into number of those great people, whose names are appropriated to units of physical sizes: the name ' the Ohm ' is carried by unit of electric resistance.