Magnetism and an electricity. Hilbert

you are: Magnetism and an electricity Герой романа мастер и маргарита

Application of magnetic ore by seafarers as a directional marker had huge value, but seafarers, undoubtedly, attributed its properties to any supernatural force.

In 1269 Peregrin has published the manuscript about the opening. He has found out that the magnet has two places where ' magnetic action ' is especially great - we name now these places poles, - and that one of them specifies in the north, and another - on the south. peregrin has established that the poles of magnets with the same name make a start, and heteronymic are drawn and that if a piece of magnetic ore to pull down half-and-half each of fragments also has two poles. Thus, it has opened the facts in issue concerning magnetism.

In XVI century the recognition of contemporaries was received by researches of the nature of the electric and magnetic forces operating on distance. English physicist William Hilbert has succeeded in this area (1544-1603).

Its Huge merit consists that it extremely objectively classified set of the known magnetic phenomena, about many of which it, should be, has learnt from works of Peregrina. Scientific work ' About a magnet, magnetic bodies and about the big magnet - the Earth ' (' De magnete, magneticisque corporibus et de magno magnete tellure ') was its basic product published in London in 1600. This work is worthy special attention because Hilbert, having refused myths, has stated in it results of the experiences spent by it personally. Contrary to the opinion extended in his time that the magnetic needle is established in a direction of any point on the heavenly arch, Hilbert considered as the reason of orientation of a magnetic needle terrestrial magnetism. For acknowledgement of the theory it has made a sphere, has magnetised it, and then has placed a magnetic needle on a surface and thus has found that magnetic properties of a sphere correspond to magnetic properties of the Earth - the big magnet: It deviates under different corners at different widths. Investigating further the magnetic phenomena, Hilbert has opened a magnetic induction. He has established that the steel core - the core - strengthens magnetic action that iron and a steel are mutually magnetised, and the steel keeps the magnetic properties that the iron wire tense on a magnetic meridian, after kovki gets magnetic properties.