Antiquity. Gipparh

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Living century later Gipparh has created the first mathematical theories of a celestial motion that has allowed to predict approach of solar and lunar eclipses to within 1 2 hours. For a movement explanation it shone has applied concept about the clown, considering that they address round the Earth on the circles which centres do not coincide with the Earth. It has allowed it to define precisely enough points of the greatest rapprochement of the Earth with the Sun and the Moon and points of the greatest removal of these stars from the Earth. There is a story that suddenly flashed in 134 BC in the sky the star has suggested an idea to Gipparha, as among stars there are changes. That in the future was possible to watch such changes, it has made the catalogue where has noted positions of 850 stars, having divided them on shine into 6 classes. Comparing the results to the data of predecessors - Aristilla and Timoharisa, it has opened the phenomenon pretsessii - point displacement round which the heavenly arch rotates. Within two centuries after Gipparha in Greece there was no astronomer who could continue its researches.

In I - III centuries BC on ruins of the great empire created by Alexander the Great, have grown the states. Ancient policies, Athena juroda-states, Thebes, Sparta, created great a sack-guru and proud past, have fallen into decay, have lost former value. All Balkan peninsula became a battlefield. Magnificent temples and monuments of architecture, product of ingenious artists turned to heaps of ruins. As a result of long wars, internal contentions, armed conflicts, Ellada became an easy mark of Rome. To it have obeyed not only famous for wisdom of philosophers of Athena, not only heroic Sparta, but also ancient Greek colonies, islands of Aegean sea, Egypt. Along with decline of the Ancient Greece level of culture and a science of this great country decreased.

Have lost the value the well-known Greek schools: in Alexandria, Pergamum, Antiohii and on island Rhodes. Has ceased to develop and the antique mathematics. However it is not necessary to think that all it was a consequence of a gain of Ellady the Roman legions. Crisis of mathematical sciences in the Ancient Greece has been caused also by that the Greek mathematics, remaining within the limits of traditional geometrical methods, it has appeared is unreceptive to but thy to the tendencies which have appeared in algebra and arithmetics. There came a new era. It was necessary to refuse commenting of old texts, to tear with platonovskimi traditions. In search of new ways followed consider achievements of Ancient Egypt and Babylonia.