Antiquity. Studying of physiology and anatomy Aristotle

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Being the son of the doctor, Aristotle has early got acquainted with physiology and anatomy. In this area of natural sciences its activity has received huge value. It ' the History of animals ' belongs to number zamechatelnejshih antiquity products. The systematisation of fauna created by Aristotle, was obligatory up to K.Linneja's times (1707-1778).

Aristotle studied a life of insects, opened amphibious and reptiles, has given set of descriptions of molluscs, fishes and mammals. A lot of attention gave to the lowest forms of a life, specifying: ' The one who learns the beginning of things and watches their gradual development, learns them is better '.

And function of a human body Aristotle divided sights of Gippokrata Into a structure from the city of Meronisa on island of Plaits (460-359 BC) - the great Greek doctor who has received later a name ' of the father of medicine '. Aristotle was the follower dominating then everywhere beliefs in resettlement of souls from one body in another. According to its views, the most important member of the body is heart which is formed before others and is cogitative tsentrod. The brain only develops a liquid cooling heart.

Keeping fidelity to school Gippokrata, Aristotle professed its doctrine about four liquids of a body: blood, slime, yellow and black bile. These sights have something in common with views east, including Tibetan, medicine up to the present. From prevalence in the person of this or that liquid its character depends. Definition of four kinds of human temperament (the sanguine person, the phlegmatic person, the choleric person and the melancholiac) which became result of scientific generalisations of Aristotle and Gippokrata till now has remained. They were not the experimental hypothesis which was exposed to check go to a measure of occurrence of new opening, and represented itself a canon, obligatory for all thinkers of that time. Along with the most freakish and naive representations, we find gleams of creative scientific ideas in Aristotle's books. In the products he, for example, mentions variability of the nature and the general origin of animals and the person. However Aristotle's these ideas have been quickly forgotten and prior to the beginning of XIX century were not generated in the scientific theory. Nevertheless we can consider with good reason Aristotle ' as the father of modern natural study ' and the first-ever biologist.