Antiquity. Klavdy Galen

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Further research of a human body, apparently, concerned indifferently. It it is necessary to tell and about the doctors leaving Greece to Italy. Nevertheless among them there were also outstanding scientists, for example, Ruf and Klavdy Galen.

Ruf which activity proceeded in Rome approximately in I century d.C., complained that can explain to the pupils on live slaves only an external cover of a body and open only animals. If despite it it has a little promoted in the field of research of a body and has got popularity as the anatomist he is obliged by it to opening of monkeys.

The Big merit of Rufa was that it the first has described an optic chiasm - well-known hiazmu which still for a long time represented a riddle for anatomists and physiologists. The optic nerve which is coming to an end in a retina of an eye, passes from an eyeball in a brain in such a manner that to the hemisphere of a brain with the same name there are only those fibres which are located from the temporal party, the nervous fibres which are passing on an inside of an eyeball (turned to a nose), cross, that is cross an average line to incorporate to fibres of an optic nerve of other party. Behind an average line of a fibre of the nasal party of the right optic nerve meet fibres of the temporal party of the left optic nerve, and in the same way fibres of an outer side of the right optic nerve meet in the right hemisphere fibres of a nasal part of the left optic nerve.

That the nerve crosses, that is goes on the one hand to an opposite half of brain or, on the contrary, from one half of brain to a body opposite side, is not feature of an optic nerve: all nerves are located as. Consequences of it is better are visible at a hemorrhage in a brain, accompanied by a paralysis.