Waves and radiations. At. G.Bregg

Supporters of the corpuscular point of view too did not stay idle. At. G.Bregg ( 1862-1942) considered given by the proof of that X-ray beams represent particles. He has repeated supervision of the X-ray and was convinced of ability of X-rays to discharge the charged bodies. It has been established that this effect is caused by formation of ions in air. Bregg has established that too big energy that its transfer could be carried out by only small part of continuous wave front is transferred to separate gas molecules.

To This period of obvious contradictions - for results of Barkla and Bregga could not be co-ordinated with each other - the one and only experiment which has been carried out thanks to a happy combination of ideas and people has suddenly put an end in 1912, and can be considered as one of the greatest achievements in the physicist. About it it is necessary to tell as about an example of that the commonwealth of talents can appear much more effective, than the sum of achievements of each of them.

The First step has been made, when post-graduate student Evald has addressed to physicist-theorist Max Laue (1879-1960) with the request to explain, how to understand the new theory of passage of waves through a lattice from dipoles. Laue has answered that such lattice is represented by a crystal. Evald was surprised: probably, it was unfamiliar with the theories of the crystals which have arisen for many years before.

Ideja Evalda has interested Laue. Knowing that the similar correct structure could operate as difraktsionnaja a lattice, he has asked Evalda, what size there could be a separate cell of a crystal. Evald has assumed approximately 1/500 - 1/1000 lengths of a wave of light. The question has seemed to Evaldu not concerning business, but it did not presume to be to itself(himself) impolite in relation to the person to whom has addressed for consultation. He did not know that has aroused in a head of Laue idea.

This idea consisted in the following. To check up, whether are X-rays waves, it is necessary to spend difraktsionnyj experience. Any artificial difragirujushchaja system, like Walter's narrowed crack and the Field, is obviously too rough. The crystal is natural difraktsionnoj a lattice, much smaller, than any made is artificial. Whether there can be a diffraction of X-rays on crystals?